Table 5 Comparison of steganographic capacity, PSNR, and SSIM of the proposed method, PVO, and PVOMM
From: High-capacity reversible image steganography based on pixel value ordering
| Â | PVO [13] | PVOMM [17] | Proposed | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capacity (bits) | PSNR (dB) | SSIM | Capacity (bits) | PSNR (dB) | SSIM | Capacity (bits) | PSNR (dB) | SSIM | |
Barb | 27,882 (10.63%) | 52.3103 | 0.999 | 29,912 (11.41%) | 50.1862 | 0.999 | 32,690 (12.47%) | 50.799 | 0.999 |
Boat | 33,976 (12.96%) | 52.6603 | 0.999 | 37,089 (14.14%) | 50.4414 | 0.999 | 39,657 (15.13%) | 51.0355 | 0.999 |
F16 | 37,795 (14.41%) | 53.2083 | 0.999 | 43,363 (16.54%) | 50.8986 | 0.999 | 45,259 (17.26%) | 51.5886 | 0.999 |
Goldhill | 25,992 (9.91%) | 52.1817 | 0.999 | 28,205 (10.76%) | 50.1091 | 0.999 | 29,694 (11.33%) | 50.7501 | 0.999 |
Lena | 31,523 (12.02%) | 52.6284 | 0.999 | 36,120 (13.78%) | 50.4357 | 0.999 | 38,736 (14.78%) | 51.0517 | 0.999 |
Mandrill | 12,966 (4.94%) | 51.6118 | 0.999 | 14,277 (5.44%) | 49.7203 | 0.999 | 14,100 (5.38%) | 50.2712 | 0.999 |
Peppers | 29,314 (11.18%) | 52.3637 | 0.999 | 33,759 (12.88%) | 50.2997 | 0.999 | 33,840 (12.91%) | 50.8199 | 0.999 |
Lake | 24,208 (9.23%) | 52.123 | 0.999 | 27,443 (10.47%) | 50.1007 | 0.999 | 26,986 (10.29%) | 50.6709 | 0.999 |
Average | 27,957 (10.66%) | 52.386 | 0.999 | 31,271 (11.93%) | 50.27 | 0.999 | 32,620.25 (12.44%) | 50.87 | 0.999 |