Fig. 4From: Palpation localization of radial artery based on 3-dimensional convolutional neural networksFrom left to right, they represent the output of first layer, second layer and third layer. The light area demonstrates localised features that the model learned, and the red rectangles emphasize desired information detected at each convolutional layer. Through comparison, we can see that 3Dcnn can extract more key feature information than 2DcnnBack to article page