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Table 1 Parameter specifications for each manipulation type

From: Printing and scanning investigation for image counter forensics

Manipulation

Hyperparameters

Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)

\(\sigma\) = 2.0

Gaussian blurring (GB)

Kernal size = (5,5) \(\sigma\) = 1.1

JPEG compression (JPEG)

Quality = 70

Median filtering (MF)

Kernal size = (5,5)

Pristine (PR)

None

Bilinear resampling (RS)

Ratio = 1.5

  1. We used the same parameters as in [9] for fair comparison. See Sect. 3.7 for details on the manipulations