Fig. 3

Examples of manipulations before and after printing and scanning. The six manipulations refer to Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), Gaussian blurring (GB), JPEG compression (JPEG), median filtering (MF), Pristine or no manipulation (PR) and bilinear resampling (RS). We note that due to the algorithms employed, JPEG compression and resampling might be reasonably similar to the printing and scanning process. For this reason, we additionally train and evaluate the models on a restricted set of four classes only, excluding JPEG and bilinear resampling. See Table 1 for details on the parameters used for each manipulation