A new evaluation function for face image enhancement in unconstrained environments using metaheuristic algorithms

EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing

Table 4 Number of pixels in the foreground value comparison between results obtained using different enhancement methods on standard benchmark face datasets

Database	LCS	HE	IIA	M_PSO	M_GA	BPDFHE	CLAHE	LLIE	Proposed
AR
Image 1	451	1006	451	2565	2249	391	1560	977	3294
Image 2	399	1220	399	2407	2388	334	1248	655	2565
Image 3	937	2174	937	3582	3669	891	2660	1734	5424
Image 4	989	1572	989	3491	3475	740	2283	895	5956
Image 5	636	677	636	2902	2912	462	2134	961	6865
Image 6	383	887	383	2317	2324	190	651	371	3947
YF
Image 1	1308	9563	1308	5693	5955	950	1249	1439	13,117
Image 2	1515	13,388	1515	8914	9129	1359	1966	1175	17,694
Image 3	2285	6298	2285	8547	7003	2098	2010	3006	12,425
Image 4	1589	14,331	1589	7806	8105	1347	2004	1034	18,071
Image 5	1712	4731	1712	5936	5324	1508	1356	834	9751
Image 6	1887	5555	1887	6824	6080	1686	1515	1004	10,483
ORL
Image 1	482	489	482	1795	1909	333	1066	623	3873
Image 2	1938	2191	1938	5277	5279	1318	4209	2873	7618
Image 3	1784	2167	1784	3926	3928	1246	3218	2385	6499
Image 4	1438	1556	1438	3324	2877	1014	2658	1552	6248
Image 5	1330	1016	1330	4312	4353	1025	2513	1958	5946
Image 6	915	738	915	1792	1912	559	1240	1152	4705