An efficient histogram-preserving steganography based on block

EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing

Table 2 Comparison of experimental and theoretical value of MGR and EE

l	MGR actual	\( \mathrm{MGR}\left(\ \frac{C_{2m}^m}{2^{2m}}\right) \) theoretical	\( \mathrm{MGR}\left(\frac{1}{\ \sqrt{\pi m}}\right) \) approximate	EE actual	EE theoretical
2	0.5001	0.5000	0.5642	2.0162	2.0000
3	0.5000	0.5000	0.5642	2.4000	2.4000
4	0.3751	0.3750	0.3989	2.2931	2.2857
5	0.3751	0.3750	0.3989	2.4239	2.4242
6	0.3127	0.3125	0.3257	2.3462	2.3415
7	0.3126	0.3125	0.3257	2.4088	2.4086
8	0.2735	0.2734	0.2821	2.3515	2.3486
9	0.2735	0.2734	0.2821	2.3877	2.3876
10	0.2461	0.2461	0.2523	2.3444	2.3422
11	0.2462	0.2461	0.2523	2.3677	2.3674
12	0.2258	0.2256	0.2303	2.3334	2.3317
13	0.2257	0.2256	0.2303	2.3496	2.3492
14	0.2094	0.2095	0.2132	2.3213	2.3203
15	0.2096	0.2095	0.2132	2.3335	2.3332