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Table 1 Defect feature description parameters

From: Real time detection system for rail surface defects based on machine vision

Features

Physical meaning

Descriptive meaning

Area

The total number of pixels in the boundary and the inner area of the boundary

Express the size of defect

Rectangularity

The ratio of the area of the defect area to the area of the minimum external moment

Express the degree of fullness of the defect region in the outer rectangle

Length–width ratio

The ratio of the length and width of the minimum circumscribed rectangle

Reflect the shape of the defect region

Density

The ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area

Express the size of the perimeter within the unit area of the defect