From: Review of vision-based steel surface inspection systems
Paper | Method | Max. speed of steel object (m/s) | Resolution (across × along) | Suitability for real-time operation (as reported) | Processing time per image: total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[64] - billet | Segmentation, wavelet reconstruction, classification | 2 | 0.25Â mm along web | Suitable | 93.7Â ms (segmentation - 8.34Â ms, wavelet - 76.98Â ms, classification - 8.38Â ms) |
[70] - hot strip | Thresholding, segmentation, classification | 20 | 1 × 1 mm | Suitable up to 5 m/s | 178 ms (thresholding - 38 ms, segmentation - 44.5 ms, classification - 95.5 ms) |
[61] - rod/bar | Pre-processing, detection | 18.5 | Â | Suitable | 8.33Â ms up to binarization: 3.4Â ms, double threshold: 4.93Â ms |
[58] - rod/bar | Pre-processing, detection | 4.6 | Â | Suitable | 13Â ms (segmentation - 2Â ms, ave. filter - 3Â ms, detection - 8Â ms) |
[2] - rod/bar | Feature extraction, classification | Max. 100 | Â | Suitable | 5.8Â ms (feature extraction-5.6Â ms, SVM prediction-0.16Â ms) |
[75] - rod/bar | Detection, identification | 18 | 0.5Â mm along web | Suitable | 7.315Â ms/image - detection, 74.747Â ms/histogram - identification |