Table 1 List of defect detection methods

Histogram properties

[35]

Cold strip

Co-occurrence matrix

[36]

Hot strip

[37]

Misc

Local binary pattern (LBP)

[34]

Cold strip

Morphological operations

[33, 38–40]

Slab, billet, plate

[41]

Hot strip

[42, 43, 31, 1]

Cold strip

[44]

Rod/bar

[45]

Misc

Spatial domain filtering

[40, 46, 47]

Slab, plate

[48, 49, 24, 50]

Hot strip

[51, 52, 43, 25, 53–55, 3, 31, 56, 26, 1, 57]

Cold strip

[58, 44, 59–61, 2]

Rod/bar

Frequency domain analysis

[62]

Hot strip

[63]

Cold strip

Joint spatial/spatial-frequency analysis (Gabor, Haar, wavelet etc.)

[64–66, 33, 67, 29, 38, 68, 69, 39]

Slab, billet, plate

[70, 28, 41]

Hot strip

[71, 17, 72],

Cold strip

[73–75, 5, 60]

Rod/bar

Fractal models

[63, 76]

Cold strip